So I was messing around with some code I've been writing recently, and I wanted to use a foreach on a struct as if it were an associative array. The problem is, I can't find any information on how to do that.
I can't use something like "alias this", because the class I'm writing acts as a wrapper that lets me use string offsets for something that's not string-indexed by default, so there's nothing to alias it TO.
I don't see any sort of opApply or similar to do this, and the foreach section of dlang.org doesn't help. Is there a way to do it, or do I need to do a workaround?
Thank you,
-Matt Soucy

On Mon, Jan 23, 2012 at 03:32:07PM -0500, Matt Soucy wrote:
> So I was messing around with some code I've been writing recently, and I wanted to use a foreach on a struct as if it were an associative array. The problem is, I can't find any information on how to do that.
[...]
> I don't see any sort of opApply or similar to do this, and the foreach section of dlang.org doesn't help. Is there a way to do it, or do I need to do a workaround?
[...]

You can use opApply. Sample test program:

	struct Test {
		int opApply(int delegate(ref int) dg) {
			auto ret = 0;
			for (auto i=0; ret==0 && i<5; i++) {
				ret = dg(i);
			}
			return ret;
		}
	}

	import std.stdio;
	void main() {
		Test t;

		foreach (n; t) {
			writeln(n);
		}
	}

Program prints:

	0
	1
	2
	3
	4

Hope that helps.


T

-- 
If you look at a thing nine hundred and ninety-nine times, you are perfectly safe; if you look at it the thousandth time, you are in frightful danger of seeing it for the first time. -- G. K. Chesterton

On 01/23/2012 01:16 PM, H. S. Teoh wrote:
> On Mon, Jan 23, 2012 at 03:32:07PM -0500, Matt Soucy wrote:
>> So I was messing around with some code I've been writing recently,
>> and I wanted to use a foreach on a struct as if it were an
>> associative array. The problem is, I can't find any information on
>> how to do that.
> [...]
>> I don't see any sort of opApply or similar to do this, and the
>> foreach section of dlang.org doesn't help. Is there a way to do it,
>> or do I need to do a workaround?
> [...]
>
> You can use opApply.

And potentially more than one overload to match the foreach loop variables.

> Sample test program:
>
> 	struct Test {
> 		int opApply(int delegate(ref int) dg) {
> 			auto ret = 0;
> 			for (auto i=0; ret==0&&  i<5; i++) {
> 				ret = dg(i);

Add:

    if (ret) {
       break;
    }

ret is non-zero if the foreach body contains a break statement.

> 			}
> 			return ret;
> 		}
> 	}
>
> 	import std.stdio;
> 	void main() {
> 		Test t;
>
> 		foreach (n; t) {
> 			writeln(n);
> 		}
> 	}
>
> Program prints:
>
> 	0
> 	1
> 	2
> 	3
> 	4
>
> Hope that helps.
>
>
> T
>

Ali

On 01/23/2012 12:32 PM, Matt Soucy wrote:
> So I was messing around with some code I've been writing recently, and I
> wanted to use a foreach on a struct as if it were an associative array.

bearophile and I had replied to your earlier post.

Ali

On Mon, Jan 23, 2012 at 01:16:29PM -0800, H. S. Teoh wrote:
> On Mon, Jan 23, 2012 at 03:32:07PM -0500, Matt Soucy wrote:
> > So I was messing around with some code I've been writing recently, and I wanted to use a foreach on a struct as if it were an associative array. The problem is, I can't find any information on how to do that.
[...]

Oops, missed the part about associative arrays. For that, you can simply add more arguments to the delegate, for example:

	struct Test {
		int opApply(int delegate(ref int, ref int) dg) {
			auto ret = 0;
			for (auto i=0; ret==0 && i<5; i++) {
				auto j = i+10;
				ret = dg(i, j);
			}
			return ret;
		}
	}

	import std.stdio;
	void main() {
		Test t;

		foreach (n, m; t) {
			writeln(n, " ", m);
		}
	}


T

-- 
"I suspect the best way to deal with procrastination is to put off the procrastination itself until later. I've been meaning to try this, but haven't gotten around to it yet. " -- swr

On Mon, Jan 23, 2012 at 01:26:44PM -0800, Ali Çehreli wrote:
> On 01/23/2012 01:16 PM, H. S. Teoh wrote:
[...]
> > 	struct Test {
> > 		int opApply(int delegate(ref int) dg) {
> > 			auto ret = 0;
> > 			for (auto i=0; ret==0&&  i<5; i++) {
> > 				ret = dg(i);
> 
> Add:
> 
>     if (ret) {
>        break;
>     }
> 
> ret is non-zero if the foreach body contains a break statement.
[...]

Actually I already put that into the loop condition. But yes, the return value needs to be checked.


T

-- 
If Java had true garbage collection, most programs would delete themselves upon execution. -- Robert Sewell

On 01/23/2012 04:28 PM, Ali Çehreli wrote:
> On 01/23/2012 12:32 PM, Matt Soucy wrote:
>> So I was messing around with some code I've been writing recently, and I
>> wanted to use a foreach on a struct as if it were an associative array.
>
> bearophile and I had replied to your earlier post.
>
> Ali
Eek, I'm sorry about that. For some reason, my old sent post wasn't showing up at http://www.digitalmars.com/d/archives/digitalmars/D/learn/index.html or in Thunderbird, so I thought there had been some sort of problem. I had to repair the folder in Thunderbird in order for the posts to show up. I'll make sure this doesn't happen again.
But between replies to both posts, I have enough information to do what I need to. So thank you.
-Matt

On 01/23/2012 03:27 PM, Matt Soucy wrote:
> On 01/23/2012 04:28 PM, Ali Çehreli wrote:
>> On 01/23/2012 12:32 PM, Matt Soucy wrote:
>>> So I was messing around with some code I've been writing recently, and I
>>> wanted to use a foreach on a struct as if it were an associative array.
>>
>> bearophile and I had replied to your earlier post.
>>
>> Ali
> Eek, I'm sorry about that. For some reason, my old sent post wasn't
> showing up at
> http://www.digitalmars.com/d/archives/digitalmars/D/learn/index.html or
> in Thunderbird, so I thought there had been some sort of problem. I had
> to repair the folder in Thunderbird in order for the posts to show up.
> I'll make sure this doesn't happen again.

No problem at all. :) Just making sure that posts don't get lost.

> But between replies to both posts, I have enough information to do what
> I need to. So thank you.
> -Matt

Great! :)

Ali