D Grammar

	\'
\|	\"
\|	\?
\|	\\
\|	\a
\|	\b
\|	\f
\|	\n
\|	\r
\|	\t
\|	\v
\|	\ EndOfFile
\|	\x HexDigit HexDigit
\|	\ OctalDigit
\|	\ OctalDigit OctalDigit
\|	\ OctalDigit OctalDigit OctalDigit
\|	\u HexDigit HexDigit HexDigit HexDigit

IntegerLiteral ::=

	Integer
\|	Integer IntegerSuffix

Integer ::=

Decimal | Binary | Octal | Hexadecimal | HexadecimalH

IntegerSuffix ::=

l | L | u | U | lu | Lu | lU | LU | ul | uL | Ul | UL

Decimal ::=

	0
\|	NonZeroDigit
\|	NonZeroDigit Decimal

Binary ::=

	0b BinaryDigits
\|	0B BinaryDigits

Octal ::=

0 OctalDigits

Hexadecimal ::=

	0x HexDigits
\|	0X HexDigits

HexadecimalH ::=

	HexDigits h
\|	HexDigits H

FloatLiteral ::=

	Float
\|	Float FloatSuffix
\|	Float ImaginarySuffix
\|	Float FloatSuffix ImaginarySuffix

Float ::=

DecimalFloat | HexFloat

FloatSuffix ::=

f | F | l | L

ImaginarySuffix ::=

i | I

Keyword ::=

Token ::=

Identifier | StringLiteral | IntegerLiteral | FloatLiteral | Keyword | / | /= | . | .. | ... | & | &= | && | | | |= | || | - | -= | -- | + | += | ++ | < | <= | << | <<= | <> | <>= | > | >= | >>= | >>>= | >> | >>> | ! | != | !== | !<> | !<>= | !< | !<= | !> | !>= | ( | ) | [ | ] | { | } | ? | , | ; | : | $ | = | == | === | * | *= | % | %= | ^ | ^= | ~ | ~=

Pragma ::=

	#line Integer EndOfLine
\|	#line Integer Filespec EndOfLine

Filespec ::=

" Characters "

2 Modules

Module ::=

	ModuleDeclaration DeclDefs
\|	DeclDefs

DeclDefs ::=

	DeclDef
\|	DeclDef DeclDefs

DeclDef ::=

	AttributeSpecifier
\|	ImportDeclaration
\|	EnumDeclaration
\|	ClassDeclaration
\|	InterfaceDeclaration
\|	AggregateDeclaration
\|	Declaration
\|	Constructor
\|	Destructor
\|	Invariant
\|	Unittest
\|	StaticConstructor
\|	StaticDestructor
\|	DebugSpecification
\|	VersionSpecification
\|	;

ModuleDeclaration ::=

module ModuleName ;

ModuleName ::=

	Identifier
\|	ModuleName . Identifier

ImportDeclaration ::=

import ModuleNameList ;

ModuleNameList ::=

	ModuleName
\|	ModuleName , ModuleNameList

3 Declarations

Declaration ::=

	typedef Decl
\|	alias Decl
\|	Decl

Decl ::=

	const Decl
\|	static Decl
\|	final Decl
\|	synchronized Decl
\|	deprecated Decl
\|	BasicType BasicType2 Declarators ;
\|	BasicType BasicType2 FunctionDeclarator

Declarators ::=

	Declarator
\|	Declarator , Declarators

BasicType ::=

4 Properties

IntegralProperty ::=

.init | .size | .max | .min | .sign

FloatingPointProperty ::=

EnumProperties ::=

.min | .max | .size

5 Attributes

AttributeSpecifier ::=

	Attribute :
\|	Attribute DeclDefBlock

AttributeElseSpecifier ::=

	AttributeElse :
\|	AttributeElse DeclDefBlock
\|	AttributeElse DeclDefBlock else DeclDefBlock

Attribute ::=

	LinkageAttribute
\|	AlignAttribute
\|	deprecated
\|	private
\|	protected
\|	public
\|	export
\|	static
\|	final
\|	override
\|	abstract
\|	const
\|	auto

AttributeElse ::=

	DebugAttribute
\|	VersionAttribute

DeclDefBlock ::=

	DeclDef
\|	{ }
\|	{ DeclDefs }

LinkageAttribute ::=

	extern
\|	extern ( LinkageType )

LinkageType ::=

C | D | Windows | Pascal

AlignAttribute ::=

	align
\|	align ( Integer )

DebugAttribute ::=

	debug
\|	debug ( Integer )
\|	debug ( Identifier )

6 Expressions

Expression ::=

	AssignExpression
\|	AssignExpression , Expression

AssignExpression ::=

ConditionalExpression ::=

	OrOrExpression
\|	OrOrExpression ? Expression : ConditionalExpression

OrOrExpression ::=

	AndAndExpression
\|	AndAndExpression \|\| AndAndExpression

AndAndExpression ::=

	OrExpression
\|	OrExpression && OrExpression

OrExpression ::=

	XorExpression
\|	XorExpression \| XorExpression

XorExpression ::=

	AndExpression
\|	AndExpression ^ AndExpression

AndExpression ::=

	EqualExpression
\|	EqualExpression & EqualExpression

EqualExpression ::=

	RelExpression
\|	RelExpression == RelExpression
\|	RelExpression != RelExpression
\|	RelExpression === RelExpression
\|	RelExpression !== RelExpression

RelExpression ::=

	ShiftExpression
\|	ShiftExpression < ShiftExpression
\|	ShiftExpression <= ShiftExpression
\|	ShiftExpression > ShiftExpression
\|	ShiftExpression >= ShiftExpression
\|	ShiftExpression !<>= ShiftExpression
\|	ShiftExpression !<> ShiftExpression
\|	ShiftExpression <> ShiftExpression
\|	ShiftExpression <>= ShiftExpression
\|	ShiftExpression !> ShiftExpression
\|	ShiftExpression !>= ShiftExpression
\|	ShiftExpression !< ShiftExpression
\|	ShiftExpression !<= ShiftExpression
\|	ShiftExpression in ShiftExpression

ShiftExpression ::=

	AddExpression
\|	AddExpression << AddExpression
\|	AddExpression >> AddExpression
\|	AddExpression >>> AddExpression

AddExpression ::=

	MulExpression
\|	MulExpression + MulExpression
\|	MulExpression - MulExpression
\|	MulExpression ~ MulExpression

MulExpression ::=

	UnaryExpression
\|	UnaryExpression * UnaryExpression
\|	UnaryExpression / UnaryExpression
\|	UnaryExpression % UnaryExpression

UnaryExpression ::=

	PostfixExpression
\|	& UnaryExpression
\|	++ UnaryExpression
\|	-- UnaryExpression
\|	* UnaryExpression
\|	- UnaryExpression
\|	+ UnaryExpression
\|	! UnaryExpression
\|	~ UnaryExpression
\|	delete UnaryExpression
\|	NewExpression
\|	( Type ) UnaryExpression
\|	( Type ) . Identifier

PostfixExpression ::=

	PrimaryExpression
\|	PostfixExpression . Identifier
\|	PostfixExpression ++
\|	PostfixExpression --
\|	PostfixExpression ( ArgumentList )
\|	PostfixExpression [ Expression ]

PrimaryExpression ::=

	Identifier
\|	this
\|	super
\|	null
\|	true
\|	false
\|	NumericLiteral
\|	StringLiteral
\|	AssertExpression
\|	Type . Identifier

AssertExpression ::=

assert ( Expression )

ArgumentList ::=

	AssignExpression
\|	AssignExpression , ArgumentList

NewExpression ::=

	new BasicType Stars [ AssignExpression ] Declarator
\|	new BasicType Stars ( ArgumentList )
\|	new BasicType Stars
\|	new ( ArgumentList ) BasicType Stars [ AssignExpression ] Declarator
\|	new ( ArgumentList ) BasicType Stars ( ArgumentList )
\|	new ( ArgumentList ) BasicType Stars

Stars ::=

	nothing
\|	*
\|	* Stars

7 Statements

Statement ::=

	LabeledStatement
\|	BlockStatement
\|	ExpressionStatement
\|	DeclarationStatement
\|	IfStatement
\|	DebugStatement
\|	VersionStatement
\|	WhileStatement
\|	DoWhileStatement
\|	ForStatement
\|	SwitchStatement
\|	CaseStatement
\|	DefaultStatement
\|	ContinueStatement
\|	BreakStatement
\|	ReturnStatement
\|	GotoStatement
\|	WithStatement
\|	SynchronizeStatement
\|	TryStatement
\|	ThrowStatement
\|	AsmStatement

LabelledStatement ::=

Identifier : Statement

BlockStatement ::=

	{ }
\|	{ StatementList }

StatementList ::=

	Statement
\|	Statement StatementList

ExpressionStatement ::=

Expression ;

DeclarationStatement ::=

Type IdentifierList ;

IdentifierList ::=

	Variable
\|	Variable , IdentifierList

Variable ::=

	Identifier
\|	Identifier = AssignmentExpression

IfStatement ::=

	if ( Expression ) Statement
\|	if ( Expression ) Statement else Statement

WhileStatement ::=

while ( Expression ) Statement

DoStatement ::=

do Statement while ( Expression )

ForStatement ::=

for ( Initialize ; Test ; Increment ) Statement

Initialize ::=

empty | Expression | Declaration

Test ::=

empty | Expression

Increment ::=

empty | Expression

SwitchStatement ::=

switch ( Expression ) BlockStatement

CaseStatement ::=

case Expression : Statement

DefaultStatement ::=

default: Statement

ContinueStatement ::=

	continue;
\|	continue Identifier ;

BreakStatement ::=

	break;
\|	break Identifier ;

ReturnStatement ::=

	return;
\|	return Expression ;

GotoStatement ::=

goto Identifier ;

WithStatement ::=

with ( Expression ) BlockStatement

SynchronizeStatement ::=

	synchronized Statement
\|	synchronized ( Expression ) Statement

TryStatement ::=

	try BlockStatement Catches
\|	try BlockStatement Catches finally BlockStatement
\|	try BlockStatement finally BlockStatement

Catches ::=

	LastCatch
\|	Catch
\|	Catch Catches

LastCatch ::=

catch BlockStatement

Catch ::=

catch ( Parameter ) BlockStatement

ThrowStatement ::=

throw Expression ;

AsmStatement ::=

	asm { }
\|	asm { AsmInstructionList }

AsmInstructionList ::=

	AsmInstruction ;
\|	AsmInstruction ; AsmInstructionList

8 Structs, Unions, Enums

AggregateDeclaration ::=

	Tag { DeclDefs }
\|	Tag Identifier { DeclDefs }
\|	Tag Identifier ;

Tag ::=

struct | union

EnumDeclaration ::=

	enum identifier { EnumMembers }
\|	enum { EnumMembers }
\|	enum identifier ;

EnumMembers ::=

	EnumMember
\|	EnumMember ,
\|	EnumMember , EnumMembers

EnumMember ::=

	Identifier
\|	Identifier = Expression

9 Classes

ClassDeclaration ::=

class Identifier ( SuperClass ( , InterfaceClass )* )? ClassBody

SuperClass ::=

: Identifier

InterfaceClass ::=

Identifier

ClassBody ::=

{ Declarations }

10 Interfaces

InterfaceDeclaration ::=

	interface Identifier InterfaceBody
\|	interface Identifier : SuperInterfaces InterfaceBody

SuperInterfaces ::=

	Identifier
\|	Identifier , SuperInterfaces

InterfaceBody ::=

{ DeclDefs }

11 Templates

TemplateDeclaration ::=

template TemplateIdentifier ( TemplateParameterList ) { DeclDefs }

TemplateIdentifier ::=

Identifier

TemplateParameterList ::=

	TemplateParameter
\|	TemplateParameter , TemplateParameterList

TemplateParameter ::=

TypeParameter | ValueParameter

TypeParameter ::=

	Identifier
\|	Identifier : Type

ValueParameter ::=

	Declaration
\|	Declaration : AssignExpression

TemplateInstance ::=

instance TemplateIdentifer ( TemplateArgumentList )

TemplateAliasDeclaration ::=

TemplateInstance AliasIdentifier ;

AliasIdentifier ::=

Identifier

TemplateArgumentList ::=

	TemplateArgument
\|	TemplateArgument , TemplateArgumentList

TemplateArgument ::=

	Type
\|	AssignExpression

	ConditionalExpression
\|	ConditionalExpression = AssignExpression
\|	ConditionalExpression += AssignExpression
\|	ConditionalExpression -= AssignExpression
\|	ConditionalExpression *= AssignExpression
\|	ConditionalExpression /= AssignExpression
\|	ConditionalExpression %= AssignExpression
\|	ConditionalExpression &= AssignExpression
\|	ConditionalExpression \|= AssignExpression
\|	ConditionalExpression ^= AssignExpression
\|	ConditionalExpression ~= AssignExpression
\|	ConditionalExpression <<= AssignExpression
\|	ConditionalExpression >>= AssignExpression
\|	ConditionalExpression >>>= AssignExpression