1. 	app = app_new_app(cast(int)args.length, cast(char*[])args);
Here, I have to convert the argument char[][] args to char*[] because
the function expects a char*[]. I feel the way I am doing it is wrong.

2. app_on_window_redraw(w, cast(WindowDrawFunc)&draw_ellipses);
here , WindowDrawFunc is defined in app.d as
typedef void (*WindowDrawFunc)  (Window *w, Graphics *g);
and draw_ellipses is a function that fits this type, but still I had to convert
it because the compiler complained.

When I run the compiler like above I get
ellipses.o(.data+0x30): undefined reference to `_ModuleInfo_3app'
ellipses.o(.data+0x34): undefined reference to `_ModuleInfo_8app_help'
ellipses`_....D8ellipses13draw_ellipsesFPS3app6WindowPS3app8GraphicsZv':
: undefined reference to `_D8app_help4rectFiiiiZS3app4Rect'
ellipses.o(.gnu.linkonce.t_Dmain+0x4b): In function `_Dmain':
: undefined reference to `_D8app_help4rectFiiiiZS3app4Rect'
collect2: ld returned 1 exit status

however, when I use
dmd ellipses.d app_help.d app.d -L-lapp -L-lglib -L-lX11
It compiles :
gcc ellipses.o app_help.o app.o -o ellipses -lphobos -lpthread -lm -Xlinker
-lapp -Xlinker -lglib -Xlinker -lX11

And I get an executable ellipse. Running it results in :
bash-2.05b$ ./ellipses
Segmentation fault

When I use dmd ellipses.d app_help.d -L-lapp -L-lglib -L-lX11 I get

ellipses.o(.data+0x30): undefined reference to `_ModuleInfo_3app'
app_help.o(.data+0x30): undefined reference to `_ModuleInfo_3app'
collect2: ld returned 1 exit status

I really depend on u people to get this working. I would love to use D.
The graphapp lib is really nice and should be easy to convert. Maybe there
is a skilled D-hacker who wants to spent some minutes on converting the header ?
It would be a great input for the community (A lightweight C-stile API for GUIS
and image loading/saving manipulation)

Regards, Oliver

"Oliver" <Oliver_member@pathlink.com> wrote in message news:d6f2m9$1sr5$1@digitaldaemon.com...
>
> 1. app = app_new_app(cast(int)args.length, cast(char*[])args);
> Here, I have to convert the argument char[][] args to char*[] because
> the function expects a char*[]. I feel the way I am doing it is wrong.
>
> 2. app_on_window_redraw(w, cast(WindowDrawFunc)&draw_ellipses);
> here , WindowDrawFunc is defined in app.d as
> typedef void (*WindowDrawFunc)  (Window *w, Graphics *g);
> and draw_ellipses is a function that fits this type, but still I had to
> convert
> it because the compiler complained.

should WindowDrawFunc be extern(C)?

> And I get an executable ellipse. Running it results in :
> bash-2.05b$ ./ellipses
> Segmentation fault

This is a good start. Run in gdb and do "bt" at the seg-v to see what the stack says. Are you allocating all the object references and things like that?

Hello !

WindowDrawFunc() is declared as extern(c) like all functions in
the app.d file (which is a converted c-header file)

I used gdb as u explained and got the following results :
==========================================================
(gdb) file ellipses
Reading symbols from ellipses...done.
Using host libthread_db library "/lib/libthread_db.so.1".
(gdb) run
Starting program: /home/ok/source/ellipses

Program received signal SIGSEGV, Segmentation fault.
0x0804dcfb in app_new_app ()
(gdb) bt
#0  0x0804dcfb in app_new_app ()
#1  0x080f0c75 in _Dmain ()
#2  0x080f11c7 in main ()
=================================================================

Therefore, the problem lies in app_new_app() -
extern(C) :
App *	app_new_app(int argc, char *argv[]);

I pass the correct arguments to the function, it is declared in
app.d as extern(C). Therefore, I have no good idea about whats wrong.
My only idea is that I might have to 0-terminate the argv-strings
because D strings are not 0-terminated.
Is this a possibilty ?

Regards, Oliver


In article <d6fbdj$23qv$1@digitaldaemon.com>, Ben Hinkle says...
>
>
>"Oliver" <Oliver_member@pathlink.com> wrote in message news:d6f2m9$1sr5$1@digitaldaemon.com...
>>
>> 1. app = app_new_app(cast(int)args.length, cast(char*[])args);
>> Here, I have to convert the argument char[][] args to char*[] because
>> the function expects a char*[]. I feel the way I am doing it is wrong.
>>
>> 2. app_on_window_redraw(w, cast(WindowDrawFunc)&draw_ellipses);
>> here , WindowDrawFunc is defined in app.d as
>> typedef void (*WindowDrawFunc)  (Window *w, Graphics *g);
>> and draw_ellipses is a function that fits this type, but still I had to
>> convert
>> it because the compiler complained.
>
>should WindowDrawFunc be extern(C)?
>
>> And I get an executable ellipse. Running it results in :
>> bash-2.05b$ ./ellipses
>> Segmentation fault
>
>This is a good start. Run in gdb and do "bt" at the seg-v to see what the stack says. Are you allocating all the object references and things like that?

"Oliver" <Oliver_member@pathlink.com> wrote in message news:d6fk54$2hkj$1@digitaldaemon.com...
> Hello !
>
> WindowDrawFunc() is declared as extern(c) like all functions in
> the app.d file (which is a converted c-header file)
>
> I used gdb as u explained and got the following results :
> ==========================================================
> (gdb) file ellipses
> Reading symbols from ellipses...done.
> Using host libthread_db library "/lib/libthread_db.so.1".
> (gdb) run
> Starting program: /home/ok/source/ellipses
>
> Program received signal SIGSEGV, Segmentation fault.
> 0x0804dcfb in app_new_app ()
> (gdb) bt
> #0  0x0804dcfb in app_new_app ()
> #1  0x080f0c75 in _Dmain ()
> #2  0x080f11c7 in main ()
> =================================================================
>
> Therefore, the problem lies in app_new_app() -
> extern(C) :
> App * app_new_app(int argc, char *argv[]);
>
> I pass the correct arguments to the function, it is declared in
> app.d as extern(C). Therefore, I have no good idea about whats wrong.
> My only idea is that I might have to 0-terminate the argv-strings
> because D strings are not 0-terminated.
> Is this a possibilty ?

yes - that is a possibility. If the code you are calling expect 0-terminated
strings you need to do that explicitly by calling std.string.toStringz or
something equivalent.
Also note that the C declaration char*argv[] is different than the D
declaration char*argv[]. The D version declares a dynamic array of pointers
which isn't the same as a C array of pointers. I think you want
 extern(C) :
 App * app_new_app(int argc, char **argv);

I don't think I've gotten gdb to step though D code so on Linux I use printf's to narrow down the exact problem after getting a general idea from the stack.

In article <d6fl6l$2jej$1@digitaldaemon.com>, Ben Hinkle says...
>
>
>"Oliver" <Oliver_member@pathlink.com> wrote in message news:d6fk54$2hkj$1@digitaldaemon.com...
>> Hello !
>>
>> WindowDrawFunc() is declared as extern(c) like all functions in
>> the app.d file (which is a converted c-header file)
>>
>> I used gdb as u explained and got the following results :
>> ==========================================================
>> (gdb) file ellipses
>> Reading symbols from ellipses...done.
>> Using host libthread_db library "/lib/libthread_db.so.1".
>> (gdb) run
>> Starting program: /home/ok/source/ellipses
>>
>> Program received signal SIGSEGV, Segmentation fault.
>> 0x0804dcfb in app_new_app ()
>> (gdb) bt
>> #0  0x0804dcfb in app_new_app ()
>> #1  0x080f0c75 in _Dmain ()
>> #2  0x080f11c7 in main ()
>> =================================================================
>>
>> Therefore, the problem lies in app_new_app() -
>> extern(C) :
>> App * app_new_app(int argc, char *argv[]);
>>
>> I pass the correct arguments to the function, it is declared in
>> app.d as extern(C). Therefore, I have no good idea about whats wrong.
>> My only idea is that I might have to 0-terminate the argv-strings
>> because D strings are not 0-terminated.
>> Is this a possibilty ?
>
>yes - that is a possibility. If the code you are calling expect 0-terminated
>strings you need to do that explicitly by calling std.string.toStringz or
>something equivalent.
>Also note that the C declaration char*argv[] is different than the D
>declaration char*argv[]. The D version declares a dynamic array of pointers
>which isn't the same as a C array of pointers. I think you want
> extern(C) :
> App * app_new_app(int argc, char **argv);
>
>I don't think I've gotten gdb to step though D code so on Linux I use printf's to narrow down the exact problem after getting a general idea from the stack.
>

Hello again !

I think one problem is to convert the char[][]argv parameter of the D-main
method to a char** (I changed the signature from
App * app_new_app(int argc, char *argv[]);
to App * app_new_app(int argc, char **argv); in app.d.
Here is the code of the main method of ellipses.d to clarify things
============================================================================
int main(char[][] args)
{
App *app;
Window *w;
char** myargs;
myargs = cast(char**)&args;
app = app_new_app(cast(int)args.length,myargs);
..
=============================================================================

The above conversion is not correct, I guess ?
I tried to 0-terminate the strings but that didnt change the segfault.

regards, Oliver

>============================================================================
> int main(char[][] args)
> {
> App *app;
> Window *w;
> char** myargs;
> myargs = cast(char**)&args;
> app = app_new_app(cast(int)args.length,myargs);
> ..
> =============================================================================

Here's what I do in MinWin when to pass D's args to a C function:
  int main(char[][] args) {
    char*[] argv;
    argv.length = args.length;
    foreach (int n, char[] str; args) {
      argv[n] = toStringz(str);
    }
    int argc = args.length;
    app = app_new_app(argc,argv.ptr);
  }

In article <d6g0bt$30g1$1@digitaldaemon.com>, Ben Hinkle says...
>
>
>>============================================================================
>> int main(char[][] args)
>> {
>> App *app;
>> Window *w;
>> char** myargs;
>> myargs = cast(char**)&args;
>> app = app_new_app(cast(int)args.length,myargs);
>> ..
>> =============================================================================
>
>Here's what I do in MinWin when to pass D's args to a C function:
>  int main(char[][] args) {
>    char*[] argv;
>    argv.length = args.length;
>    foreach (int n, char[] str; args) {
>      argv[n] = toStringz(str);
>    }
>    int argc = args.length;
>    app = app_new_app(argc,argv.ptr);
>  }
>
>

Hello !

That helped ! Now a window is opened - and the program crashes immediately.
Analysis with gdb yields :
(gdb) bt
#0  0x0804d869 in app_set_line_width ()
#1  0x080f0b27 in _D8ellipses13draw_ellipsesFPS3app6WindowPS3app8GraphicsZv ()
#2  0x0804cbe7 in app_do_redraw_window ()
#3  0x0804ceb5 in app_winproc ()
#4  0x0804d226 in app_wait_event ()
#5  0x0804d151 in app_main_loop ()
#6  0x080f0c6e in _Dmain ()
#7  0x080f1167 in main ()
(gdb) continue
Continuing.

Program terminated with signal SIGSEGV, Segmentation fault.

Here is the corresponding code piece :

int main(char[][] args)
{
App *app;
Window *w;
char*[] myargs;
myargs.length = args.length;
foreach(int n,char[] str;args) {
myargs[n]=toString(str);
}
int argc = args.length;
app = app_new_app(argc,myargs.ptr);
w = app_new_window(app, rect(10,10,448,400), "Ellipses Test",
STANDARD_WINDOW);
app_on_window_redraw(w,cast(WindowDrawFunc)(&draw_ellipses);

draw ellipses then calls app_set_line_width(). I think the problem is the way I cast draw_ellipses. WindowDrawFunc is defined as

typedef void (*WindowDrawFunc)  (Window *w, Graphics *g);

in the converted C-header app.d .
draw_ellipses is a simple method defined in ellipses.d (The main file).
I hope I dont bother you and would be glad about further help.

Regards, Oliver

> That helped ! Now a window is opened - and the program crashes
> immediately.
> Analysis with gdb yields :
> (gdb) bt
> #0  0x0804d869 in app_set_line_width ()
> #1  0x080f0b27 in
> _D8ellipses13draw_ellipsesFPS3app6WindowPS3app8GraphicsZv ()
> #2  0x0804cbe7 in app_do_redraw_window ()
> #3  0x0804ceb5 in app_winproc ()
> #4  0x0804d226 in app_wait_event ()
> #5  0x0804d151 in app_main_loop ()
> #6  0x080f0c6e in _Dmain ()
> #7  0x080f1167 in main ()
> (gdb) continue
> Continuing.
>
> Program terminated with signal SIGSEGV, Segmentation fault.
>
> Here is the corresponding code piece :
>
> int main(char[][] args)
> {
> App *app;
> Window *w;
> char*[] myargs;
> myargs.length = args.length;
> foreach(int n,char[] str;args) {
> myargs[n]=toString(str);
> }
> int argc = args.length;
> app = app_new_app(argc,myargs.ptr);
> w = app_new_window(app, rect(10,10,448,400), "Ellipses Test",
> STANDARD_WINDOW);
> app_on_window_redraw(w,cast(WindowDrawFunc)(&draw_ellipses);
>
> draw ellipses then calls app_set_line_width(). I think the problem is the
> way
> I cast draw_ellipses.

Since the stack is in set_line_width I'd guess the problem was in what was passed to set_line_width. More code about how set_line_width is called would help.

In article <d6gkje$i3i$1@digitaldaemon.com>, Ben Hinkle says...
>
>> That helped ! Now a window is opened - and the program crashes
>> immediately.
>> Analysis with gdb yields :
>> (gdb) bt
>> #0  0x0804d869 in app_set_line_width ()
>> #1  0x080f0b27 in
>> _D8ellipses13draw_ellipsesFPS3app6WindowPS3app8GraphicsZv ()
>> #2  0x0804cbe7 in app_do_redraw_window ()
>> #3  0x0804ceb5 in app_winproc ()
>> #4  0x0804d226 in app_wait_event ()
>> #5  0x0804d151 in app_main_loop ()
>> #6  0x080f0c6e in _Dmain ()
>> #7  0x080f1167 in main ()
>> (gdb) continue
>> Continuing.
>>
>> Program terminated with signal SIGSEGV, Segmentation fault.
>>
>> Here is the corresponding code piece :
>>
>> int main(char[][] args)
>> {
>> App *app;
>> Window *w;
>> char*[] myargs;
>> myargs.length = args.length;
>> foreach(int n,char[] str;args) {
>> myargs[n]=toString(str);
>> }
>> int argc = args.length;
>> app = app_new_app(argc,myargs.ptr);
>> w = app_new_window(app, rect(10,10,448,400), "Ellipses Test",
>> STANDARD_WINDOW);
>> app_on_window_redraw(w,cast(WindowDrawFunc)(&draw_ellipses);
>>
>> draw ellipses then calls app_set_line_width(). I think the problem is the
>> way
>> I cast draw_ellipses.
>
>Since the stack is in set_line_width I'd guess the problem was in what was passed to set_line_width. More code about how set_line_width is called would help.

set_line_width is called in draw_ellipses :
==============================================================================
void draw_ellipses(Window *w, Graphics *g)
{
int h, t, i;
Rect r;

r = rect(1,1,1,1);

for (h=1; h <= 25; h++)	/* try several ellipse heights */
{
r.height = h;

for (t=1; t <= h/2+1; t++)	/* line widths */
{
app_set_line_width(g, t);
==========================================================================
The graphics structure (parameter g) is defined in app.d as follows:
==========================================================================
struct Graphics {
GraphicsExtra * extra;              /* platform-specific data */

Colour          colour;             /* current drawing colour */
int            pixval;             /* current colour index */
Font *          font;               /* current text font */
int             line_width;         /* current pixel line width */
int             text_direction;     /* current text direction */
int             xor_mode;           /* currently XOR drawing? */

App *           app;                /* if required */ Window *        win;                /* target window, or */ Bitmap *        bmap;               /* target bitmap, or */ Control *       ctrl;               /* target control, or */ Image *         img;                /* target image */

Rect            area;               /* target's drawable area */ Region *        clip;               /* clip drawing to region */ Point           offset;             /* (0,0) is actually here */

CopyRectFunc    copy_rect;          /* pointer to drawing func */
FillRectFunc    fill_rect;          /* pointer to drawing func */
DrawUTF8Func    draw_utf8;          /* pointer to drawing func */
DrawLineFunc    draw_line;          /* pointer to drawing func */
}
=============================================================================

I havent changed draw_ellipses - its unmodified C-code that compiles.

regards, Oliver

Oliver...

Sorry to cut in on this conversation, but do you have any D X11 interface modules?

I'm looking at using X11 on a project and it sure would nice not to have to create things from scratch.

Thanks,

JJR