July 21, 2007
Good day.

Using derelict, I noticed bad behavior: The app segfaulted inside of destructors. I later found out that derelict unloaded libraries and the destructor, freeing resources, tried to call such unloaded functions. This happens because a static destructor unloads all libraries. A simple test case shows that static destructors can be called before all instances are destructed. If an instance destructor then uses resources freed by the static destructor, things become problematic.

import std.stdio;

class Dude {
	private static char[] eek;

	public this() {
		writefln("Dude ctor");
	}

	public ~this() {
		writefln("Dude dtor - eek is '%s'", eek);
	}

	public static this() {
		writefln("Dude static ctor");
		eek = "Everything up and running";
	}

	public static ~this() {
		writefln("Dude static dtor");
		eek = "You're doomed";
	}
}

void main() {
	Dude d = new Dude();
}
outputs
Dude static ctor
Dude ctor
Dude static dtor
Dude dtor - eek is 'You're doomed'

with GDC 0.23 and DMD 1.018. This shows that the instance destructor accesses a static variable that has been modified by the static destructor. I can't think of any workaround.
In my opinion, it would be better if static destructors were only called after all unreachable class instances have been destructed. That wouldn't break static destructors accessing static references to class instances.
If one of those classes also depends on the static destructor not having run, that's a circular dependency to which I can't find a satisfying solution. For those cases, I suggest the current behavior, or a compile time error (which is hard to implement, I believe). Anyway, easily accessing static variables after the static destructor has run doesn't sound right.

See you soon.